Solution Learning theories have been a key reference to how and why adults learns in recent years. Learning is a continuous process among leaders and managers and both learning and application are interwoven. They reinforce each other, but how adults learn is different from how children learn. Adult learning is social learning, learner-centred and active learning. Social learning is emphasised in the Knox’s proficiency theory of learning that proposes that adult learning arise from life situ...

Solution Leadership and management development (LMD) initiatives are activities that help leaders and managers to broaden their knowledge, abilities and skills (Quilliam, 2022). Effective leadership and management is widely recognised as a crucial aspect of organisation’s success. Therefore, developing leaders, managers and individuals is a significant part of United LEC learning strategy. In this case, people professionals can support LMD initiatives in different ways: Conducting learnin...

Solution Knowledge CIPD Profession Map outlines various core knowledge and specialist knowledge associated with leaders and managers (CIPD, 2022). Leadership knowledge based on the map include business acumen and culture and behaviour. Leaders need to have business intelligence so that they can set a vision that has a purpose and competitive. When setting a vision, they should understand how culture and behaviours include achievement of the vision. On the other hand, management knowle...

Solution McGregor’s X and Y style Style X managers tends to take a pessimistic view about their subordinates and assume that people dislike work and are naturally unmotivated (Galani and Galanakis, 2022). In this case, they use appraisals and remunerated to encourage results. On the other hand, style Y managers takes a optimistic view about their people and believe that employees enjoy working and are self-motivated, hence they use participative and decentralized management style (Gal...

Solution Leadership as vision and managers follow it Leaders create a purposeful vision for their company and influence their followers to work toward the vision (Samimi et al., 2022). However, leaders are not the only people who make the vision realizable. Managers on the other hand follow the vision and help to achieve it by setting targets that employees should achieve. Managers also manage and allocate resources to ensure people are in align with the vision. For example, United LE...

Solution Importance of leadership Modern organisations need leaders and managers to direct organisation’s resources for the achievement of goals and objectives (Purwanto, 2020). Good leaders and managers set plans, provide clarity of purpose, motivate teams and guide the business to realise its mission and vision. For example, leaders will create a vision while managers will determine how this vision will be achieved. With the dynamic business environment, leaders and managers are req...

Solution Onboarding, orientation, induction Onboarding is the process of helping new hires to learn about the company starting before they formally join, after joining, understanding how company operates to speeding up in their roles and responsibilities (Ibrahim et al., 2022). Orientation refer to events arranged for new hires to attend so that they can learn more about organisational policies, mission, vision and ways of working (McCartney, 2022). Induction is a process through which ne...

Solution Express terms Express terms are considered crucial in an employment contract and hence they are put in writing (Suff, 2022). For example, during hiring process, BMG must make sure that key terms and conditions such as basic salary, wage and working hours are put in writing. It is also to consider Equality Act 2010, Equal pay law, Working Time Regulations 1998 and National Minimum Wage when drafting express terms. Implied terms Implied terms are not put in writing because th...

Solution When employer and employee enter into a contract of employment, it is considered as legally binding. Its main aim is to bond both parties ensuring they understand their roles and responsibilities. It acts as a security between both parties in that each part has an obligation as stated in the contract. Fixed-term contract This type of contract is set in advance for a certain length and is suitable for workforce needs like maternity leave and long-term holidays. BMG might consid...

Solution Dysfunctional turnover Dysfunctional turnover occurs when skilled, experienced and top performers leave the workplace. When top talents leave, BMG will experience both direct and indirect costs of turnover. Direct costs Recruitment costs – When top performers leaves, BMG will need to replace them. This will incur recruitment expenses such as paying for agencies, paid ads and cost of preparing content of recruitment (Abbasi et al., 2022). Training costs – Newly hired empl...